4A0-100 Questions and Answers

Type of Service

Identification

Flags

Protocol

TCP (protocol 6) traffic between addresses 1.2.3.0/24 and 2.3.4.0/24 is dropped.

TCP (protocol 6) traffic from source address 1.2.3.0/24 to destination address 2.3.4.0/24 is forwarded.

TCP (protocol 6) traffic from source address 2.3.4.0/24 to destination address 1.2.3.0/24 is dropped.

TCP (protocol 6) traffic from source address 1.2.3.0/24 to destination address 2.3.4.0/24 is dropped.

A passive device used to connect cables without signal amplification.

A device that receives and retransmits data without Layer 2 header inspection.

A device that receives and retransmits data based on the Layer 2 destination address.

A device that receives and retransmits data based on the Layer 3 destination address.

172.16.224.255/18

255.255.255.255/32

224.1.2.1/8

192.168.24.59/30

POS

IP

ATM

Frame Relay

Ethernet

Provides an address that refers to all the devices in a given network.

Provides an address to refer to a specific group of devices in a given network.

Provides an address to refer to a group of devices having the same IP addresses in different Layer 2 networks.

Provides an address to refer to a single device on a given network.

DCHP

ICMP

ARP

NAT

To select from routes with different next-hops.

To select from routes with different costs.

To select from routes learned from different routing protocols.

To select from routes with different prefixes.

Specify authorization information to control access to the router.

Define an IP address for the CPM Ethernet port.

Initialize the hardware.

Set the date/time for the system.

116.14.17.16

116.14.17.31

116.14.17.192

116.14.17.189

IP filters can be applied on inbound traffic, outbound traffic, or both.

IP filters can be created to filter based on IP and MAC addressing.

By default, no IP filter is applied to an interface.

The default action of an IP filter is to forward packets.

Console

CLI

Memory

File

It is responsible for encapsulating packets into frames for transmission on physical media

It is responsible for encapsulating packets into IP datagrams and routing them

It is responsible for encapsulating application data into TCP/UDP messages

It is responsible for the timing of the signals on physical media.

A Small Form-Factor Pluggable (SFP) module.

The Central Processing Unit (CPU).

The Control Plane.

The Switch Fabric.

RTR-A>config>router>if>ingress# filter ip 1

RTR-B>config>router>if>ingress# filter ip 1

RTR-B>config>router>if>egress# filter ip 1

RTR-A>config>router>if>egress# filter ip 1

STM-1 with a bit rate of 1.544 Mbit/s

STM-1 with a bit rate of 2.048 Mbit/s

STM-1 with a bit rate of 51.84 Mbit/s

STM-1 with a bit rate of 155.52 Mbit/s

A sequence of label actions from one LER to another LER represents a logical tunnel known as an LSP.

MPLS labels must be dynamically signaled.

Labels are globally significant to the MPLS network.

MPLS labels may be dynamically signaled or statically assigned by the service provider.

Labels are locally significant to the MPLS router.

VLAN tag.

IP Header.

FCS.

Priority Value.

A passive device used to connect cables without signal amplification.

A device that receives and retransmits data without Layer 2 header inspection.

A device that receives and retransmits data based on the Layer 2 destination address.

A device that receives and retransmits data based on the Layer 3 destination address.

Half-duplex transmission is less efficient because the frame MTU is smaller.

Half-duplex transmission is only 30-40% efficient because of collisions.

Ethernet switches support half-duplex transmission only.

All of the above.

The Internet is a global and distributed network.

The Internet is a network owned by Tier 1 service providers.

The Internet is an open network of networks.

The Internet is a network that is advertised across the globe.

On the CE device.

On the PE device.

On the P device.

On both CE and PE devices.

The Data Link Layer is responsible for encapsulating the packet into a frame for transmission on the transmission media.

The Data Link Layer is responsible for encapsulating the packet into an IP header and routing the packet.

The Data Link Layer is responsible for formatting the packet for applications such as JPEG format.

The Data Link Layer is responsible for timing of the signals on the transmission media

Support for IPv6.

Support for POS.

Upgrade path to the Nokia 7750 SR.

Support for IS-IS

Controls distribution of IP addresses.

Simplifies protocol functionality.

Isolates changes in lower layers from upper layers.

Increases protocol operational efficiencies.

Layering adds to the fragmentation of the data

CF 1

CF 2

CF 3

Both A and B

The MDA contains the flexible fast path complex used for forwarding data.

Excess data is discarded by the MDA and the remaining data forwarded for QoS processing.

The MDA buffers data and applies Quality of Service (QoS) to classify and treat the data appropriately.

The MDA converts data from its incoming physical format into an internal format and provides some minimal buffering.

OSPF

BGP

X.500

IS-IS

Ethernet

Routers send a copy of their routing table to their neighbors periodically.

Routers flood link information throughout the entire area.

Network converges quickly (within several seconds) after a topology change.

Routers do not have precise knowledge of the entire network topology.

Customer traffic is encapsulated with a service label by the ingress PE. The service label identifies which transport tunnel to use.

Customer traffic is encapsulated with a service label by the egress PE. The service label identifies which transport tunnel to use.

Customer traffic is encapsulated with a service label by the egress PE. The service label identifies the specific service the data belongs to.

Customer traffic is encapsulated with a service label by the ingress PE. The service label identifies the specific service the data belongs to.

A VPLS operates as if 2 sites are directly connected by a single cable.

A VPLS operates as if multiple sites are connected through a single switched LAN.

A VPLS operates as if multiple sites are connected through a single router.

A VPLS operates as if multiple sites are connected through a series of private point-to-point routed connections.

Virtual Private Wire Service

Virtual Private LAN Service

Virtual Private Routed Networks

Virtual Private Dark Fibre Service

1

2

7

10

STM-1 with a bit rate of 1.544 Mbit/s.

STM-1 with a bit rate of 2.048 Mbit/s.

STM-1 with a bit rate of 51.84 Mbit/s.

STM-1 with a bit rate of 155.52 Mbit/s.

Classful IP addressing provides hierarchy based on variable subnet masks.

Classless IP addresses provide hierarchy based on a variable length subnet mask.

Classless IP addresses provide hierarchy based on fixed subnet masks of /24. /16 and/8.

IP addresses provide hierarchy based on the country code and regional identifier.

The CE device removes the MPLS label.

The last LSR on the LSP removes the MPLS label.

MPLS labels are not removed until they reach the final destination.

The egress LER removes the MPLS label.

File sizes

Port statistics

Log-id 100 files

TiMOS image files

RTM selects the best route from among multiple routing protocols.

RTM selects the best route using the metric as criteria

RTM sends its best route to all its directly connected neighbors.

RTM installs its best route in the routing table.

A router ID is not required by OSPF.

The system address is used as the router ID if router-id is not set.

The router ID is used to uniquely identify every OSPF router.

On the Nokia 7750 SR, the router ID is set to the highest logical IP address if router-id is not explicitly set.

R3 discards the LSA received from R1 and sends a copy of the LSA from its link state base to R1.

R3 installs the LSA received from R1 in its link state database and floods a copy to its neighbors.

R3 discards the LSA received from R1 and sends an ACK to R1.

R3 installs the LSA received from R1 in its link state database, sends an ACK to R1 and floods a copy to its neighbors.

Real-time audio application, such as VoIP

Web browser

Email application

Telnet

R3 discards the LSA received from R1 and sends a copy of the LSA from its link state base to R1.

R3 installs the LSA received from R1 in its link state database and floods a copy to its neighbors.

R3 discards the LSA received from R1 and sends an ACK to R1.

R3 installs the LSA received from R1 in its link state database, sends an ACK to R1 and floods a copy to its neighbors.

0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 10.2 3.2

0.0.0.0/32 next-hop 10.2.3.2

10.2.3.2/32 next-hop 0.0.0.0/0

0.0.0.0/0 next-hop 192.168.2.0

TCP port 179.

UDP port 179.

TCP port 22.

UDP port 22.

BGP is an exterior gateway protocol.

BGP routing is based on distance vector.

BGP sends periodic updates to its neighbors.

A router running BGP protocol needs an Autonomous system number

You cannot have overlapping IP addresses. Customers must change their IP address assignment.

Each VPRN service maintains a separate VPN routing and forwarding instance to separate customer routing information. This allows for overlapping addresses.

A VPRN ignores IP addressing information and uses MAC addressing instead, which are always unique.

A VPRN translates customer IP addresses to a private addressing scheme administered by the service provider.

Routers send a copy of their routing table to their neighbors periodically.

Routers flood link information throughout the entire area.

Network converges quickly (within several seconds) after a topology change.

Routers do not have precise knowledge of the entire network topology.