1z0-821 Questions and Answers

This example shows how to display the default root crontab file.

$ suPassword:

# crontab -l

#ident "@(#)root 1.19 98/07/06 SMI" /* SVr4.0 1.1.3.1 */

#

# The root crontab should be used to perform accounting data collection.

#

#

10 3 * * * /usr/sbin/logadm

15 3 * * 0 /usr/lib/fs/nfs/nfsfind

30 3 * * * [ -x /usr/lib/gss/gsscred_clean ] && /usr/lib/gss/gsscred_clean

#10 3 * * * /usr/lib/krb5/kprop_script ___slave_kdcs___

Use the pkg revert command to restore files to their as-delivered condition.

Note the first line:

global core file pattern: /globalcore/core.%f.%p

The program name is bash

The runtime process ID is 2663

Note: By default, the global core dump is disabled. You need to use the coreadm command with the -e global option to enable it. The -g option causes the command to append the program name(%f) and the runtime process ID (%p) to the core file name.

Set the Publisher Origin To the File Repository URI

To enable client systems to get packages from your local file repository, you need to reset the origin for the solaris publisher. Execute the following command on each client:

Example:

# pkg set-publisher -G '*' -M '*' -g /net/host1/export/repoSolaris11/ solaris

Device c3t6d0 is not included in the RAIDZ storage pool. The other three devices are included in the raidz pool. The data on these devices are protected.

Note: In addition to a mirrored storage pool configuration, ZFS provides a RAID-Z configuration with either single, double, or triple parity fault tolerance. Single-parity RAID-Z (raidz or raidz1) is similar to RAID-5. Double-parity RAID-Z (raidz2) is similar to RAID-6.

The command dladm is used to configure data-link interfaces in Sun Solaris. A configured data-link is represented in the system as interface that can be used for TCP/IP. Each data-link relies on either a single network device or an link aggregation device to send & recieve packets.

Network interfaces provide the connection between the system and the network. These interfaces are configured over data links, which in turn correspond to instances of hardware devices in the system.

In the current model of the network stack, interfaces and links on the software layer build on the devices in the hardware layer. More specifically, a hardware device instance in the hardware layer has a corresponding link on the data-link layer and a configured interface on the interface layer. This one-to-one relationship among the network device, its data link, and the IP interface is illustrated in the figure that follows.

Network Stack Showing Network Devices, Links, and Interfaces:

The following command marks the address object net1/v4a up that was previously marked down.

# ipadm up-addr net1/v4a

How to Set Up Email Notification of SMF Transition Events

This procedure causes the system to generate an email notification each time one of the services or a selected service has a change in state. You can choose to use either SMTP or SNMP. Normally, you would only select SNMP if you already have SNMP configured for some other reason.

By default, SNMP traps are sent on maintenance transitions. If you use SNMP for monitoring, you can configure additional traps for other state transitions.

1. Become an administrator or assume a role that includes the Service Management rights profile.'

2. Set notification parameters.

Example 1:

The following command creates a notification that sends email when transactions go into the maintenance state.

# /usr/sbin/svccfg setnotify -g maintenance mailto:sysadmins@example.com

Example 2:

The following command creates a notification that sends email when the switch service goes into the online state.

# /usr/sbin/svccfg -s svc:/system/name-service/switch:default setnotify to-online \ mailto:sysadmins@example.com

Note: The svccfg command manipulates data in the service configuration repository. svccfg can be invoked interactively, with an individual subcommand, or by specifying a command file that contains a series of subcommands.

Changes made to an existing service in the repository typically do not take effect for that service until the next time the service instance is refreshed.

Which Solaris release you are running on your system can be determined using the following command:

cat /etc/release

This will tell you which release you are running and when it was released.

The more recent your system, the more info is contained in this file.

Example:

# cat /etc/release

Oracle Solaris 10 8/11 s10s_u10wos_17b SPARC

Copyright (c) 1983, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Assembled 23 August 2011

ZFS quotas can be set and displayed by using the zfs set and zfs get commands. In the following example, a quota of 10 Gbytes is set on tank/home/bonwick.

# zfs set quota=10G tank/home/bonwick

# zfs get quota tank/home/bonwick

NAME PROPERTY VALUE SOURCE

tank/home/bonwick quota 10.0G local

IP address and name service (such as a DNS server) are provided by the DHCP server.

Image Packaging System (IPS) is a new network based package management system included in Oracle Solaris 11. It provides a framework for complete software lifecycle management such as installation, upgrade and removal of software packages. IPS also enables you to create your own software packages, create and manage package repositories, and mirror existing package repositories.

Oracle Solaris software is distributed in IPS packages. IPS packages are stored in IPS package repositories, which are populated by IPS publishers.

E: The following command displays property information about the local repository.

$ pkgrepo get -s /export/repoSolaris11

SECTION PROPERTY VALUE publisher prefix solaris repository description This\ repository\ serves\ a\ copy\ of\ the\ Oracle\ Solaris\ 11\ Build\ 175b\ Package\ Repository.

repository name Oracle\ Solaris\ 11\ Build\ 175b\ Package\ Repository

repository version 4

The value of the publisher prefix specifies that solaris is to be used in the following cases:

When more than one publisher's packages are present and no publisher is specified in the package name in the pkg command

When packages are published to the repository and no publisher is specified.

If you're logged on to the system, you can run prstat -Z to generate a summary of cpu/memory utilization by zone.

Note: dladm rename-link [-R root-dir] link new-link

Rename link to new-link. This is used to give a link a meaningful name, or to associate existing link configuration such as link properties of a removed device with a new device.

How to Recreate a ZFS Root Pool and Restore Root Pool Snapshots

In this scenario, assume the following conditions:

* ZFS root pool cannot be recovered

* ZFS root pool snapshots are stored on a remote system and are shared over NFS

* The system is booted from an equivalent Solaris release to the root pool version so that the Solaris release and the pool version match. Otherwise, you will need to add the -o version=version-number property option and value when you recreate the root pool in step 4 below.

All steps below are performed on the local system.

1.

Boot from CD/DVD or the network.

On a SPARC based system, select one of the following boot methods:

ok boot net -s

ok boot cdrom -s

If you don't use -s option, you'll need to exit the installation program.

2.

Mount the remote snapshot dataset.

For example:

# mount -F nfs remote-system:/rpool/snaps /mnt

3.

Recreate the root pool.

For example:

# zpool create -f -o failmode=continue -R /a -m legacy -o cachefile=/etc/zfs/zpool.cache rpool c1t0d0s0

4.

Restore the root pool snapshots.

This step might take some time. For example:

# cat /mnt/rpool.0311 | zfs receive -Fdu rpool

Using the -u option means that the restored archive is not mounted when the zfs receive operation completes.

5.

Set the bootfs property on the root pool BE.

For example:

# zpool set bootfs=rpool/ROOT/osolBE rpool

6.

Install the boot blocks on the new disk.

On a SPARC based system:

# installboot -F zfs /usr/platform/`uname -i`/lib/fs/zfs/bootblk /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0

OpenBoot firmware is executed immediately after you turn on your system. The primary tasks of OpenBoot firmware are to:

* Test and initialize the system hardware (B)

* Determine the hardware configuration

*Boot the operating system from either a mass storage device or from a network (C)

*Provide interactive debugging facilities for testing hardware and software

A: You are not required to create a user account.

B: You must create a root password.

D: If you create a user account in this panel, you need to provide both the user's password and a root password.

In this case, root will be a role assigned to the user.

G: If you do not create a user account, you still need to provide a root password.

In this case, root will be a regular user.

A: You can configure Common Multiprotocol SCSI TARget, or COMSTAR, a software framework that enables you to convert any Oracle Solaris 11 host into a SCSI target device that can be accessed over a storage network by initiator hosts.

This means you can make storage devices on a system available to Linux, Mac OS, or Windows client systems as if they were local storage devices. Supported storage protocols are iSCSI, FC, iSER, and SRP.

B: iSCSI targets cannot be configured as dump devices.

zonep2vchk

- check a global zone's configuration for physical to virtual migration into non-global zone

The zonep2vchk utility is used to evaluate a global zone's configuration before the process of physical-to-virtual (p2v) migration into a non-global zone.

The p2v process involves archiving a global zone (source), and then installing a non-global zone (target) using that archive

Zonep2vchk serves two functions. First, it can be used to report issues on the source which might prevent a successful p2v migration. Second, it can output a template zonecfg, which can be used to assist in configuring the non-global zone target.

Zonep2vchk can be executed on a Solaris 10 or later global zone. To execute on Solaris 10, copy the zonep2vchkutility to the Solaris 10 source global zone.

When run on Solaris 10, a target release of S11 can be specified, which will check for p2v into a Solaris 10 Branded zone.

B: By carrying SCSI commands over IP networks, the iSCSI protocol enables you to access block devices from across the network as if they were connected to the local system. COMSTAR provides an easier way to manage these iSCSI target devices.

D: Common Multiprotocol SCSI TARget, or COMSTAR, a software framework that enables you to convert any Oracle Solaris 11 host into a SCSI target device that can be accessed over a storage network by initiator hosts.

E: One IP port can handle multiple iSCSI target devices.

The following options are supported:

C

Connects to the zone console. Connects to the zone console.

Note:

After you install a zone, you must log in to the zone to complete its application environment. You might log in to the zone to perform administrative tasks as well. Unless the -C option is used to connect to the zone console, logging in to a zone using zlogin starts a new task. A task cannot span two zones

A: Conditional and system locations can be manually activated, which means that the location remains active until explicitly disabled.

D: A location comprises certain elements of a network configuration, for example a name service and firewall settings, that are applied together, when required. You can create multiple locations for various uses. For example, one location can be used when you are connected at the office by using the company intranet. Another location can be used at home when you are connected to the public Internet by using a wireless access point. Locations can be activated manually or automatically, according to environmental conditions, such as the IP address that is obtained by a network connection.

You might need to replace a disk in the root pool for the following reasons:

The root pool is too small and you want to replace it with a larger disk

The root pool disk is failing. In a non-redundant pool, if the disk is failing so that the system won't boot, you'll need to boot from an alternate media, such as a CD or the network, before you replace the root pool disk.

In a mirrored root pool configuration, you might be able to attempt a disk replacement without having to boot from alternate media. You can replace a failed disk by using the zpool replace command.

Some hardware requires that you offline and unconfigure a disk before attempting the zpool replace operation to replace a failed disk.

For example:

# zpool offline rpool c1t0d0s0

# cfgadm -c unconfigure c1::dsk/c1t0d0

# cfgadm -c configure c1::dsk/c1t0d0

# zpool replace rpool c1t0d0s0

# zpool online rpool c1t0d0s0

# zpool status rpool

SPARC# installboot -F zfs /usr/platform/`uname -i`/lib/fs/zfs/bootblk /dev/rdsk/c1t0d0s0

x86# installgrub /boot/grub/stage1 /boot/grub/stage2 /dev/rdsk/c1t9d0s0

A: ZFS can automatically share file systems by setting the sharenfs property. Using this property, you do not have to modify the /etc/dfs/dfstab file when a new file system is shared. The sharenfs property is a comma-separated list of options to pass to the share command. The value on is an alias for the default share options, which provides read/write permissions to anyone. The value off indicates that the file system is not managed by ZFS and can be shared through traditional means, such as the /etc/dfs/dfstab file. All file systems whose sharenfs property is not off are shared during boot.

A: Configure the Repository Server Service

To enable clients to access the local repository via HTTP, enable the application/pkg/server

Service Management Facility (SMF) service.

# svccfg -s application/pkg/server setprop pkg/inst_root=/export/repoSolaris11

# svccfg -s application/pkg/server setprop pkg/readonly=true

E: Use pkg.depotd to serve the repository to clients.

Start the Repository Service

Restart the pkg.depotd repository service.

# svcadm refresh application/pkg/server

# svcadm enable application/pkg/server

To check whether the repository server is working, open a browser window on the localhost location.