1z0-1093-23 Questions and Answers

Big data is a term that refers to large and complex data sets that are beyond the capacity of traditional data processing systems. Big data can be classified into three types based on the structure and format of the data1:

• Structured data: This is data that has a predefined schema and can be easily stored, queried, and analyzed in relational databases. Examples of structured data include customer records, sales transactions, product catalogs, etc.
• Semi-structured data: This is data that does not have a fixed schema, but has some elements of structure that can be extracted and processed. Examples of semi-structured data include XML, JSON, HTML, log files, etc.
• Unstructured data: This is data that has no structure or format and cannot be easily stored or analyzed in relational databases. Examples of unstructured data include text, images, audio, video, social media posts, etc.

Therefore, statement D is incorrect, and statements A, B, and C are correct. Free-structured data is not a valid term for describing big data types. NoSQL Database Cloud Service supports all three types of big data by providing a flexible and scalable data model that can store and query data in various formats, such as JSON, key-value, or fixed-schema2. References: 1: [Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation], Big Data 2: [Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation], NoSQL Database Cloud Service Overview

v When you use the “Stop” option from the Console of an Exadata Database Service virtual machine within a VM cluster, the following two statements are true1:

• Billing for the CPU stops but billing for the Exadata Infrastructure continues. This is because the “Stop” option only stops the virtual machine (VM) and releases the OCPU resources allocated to it, but does not terminate the VM or delete the associated block volumes1. Therefore, you are not charged for the OCPU usage of the stopped VM, but you are still charged for the Exadata Infrastructure and the block volume storage1. You can resume the billing for the OCPU by restarting the VM from the Console1.
• The stopped VM is not available to any other database deployment. This is because the “Stop” option only stops the VM and does not delete it or detach it from the VM cluster1. Therefore, the stopped VM remains associated with the original database deployment and cannot be used by any other database deployment1. You can make the VM available again by restarting it from the Console1.

The other statements are false because1:

• The “Stop” option only stops the selected VM and does not affect the other VMs in the cluster. You can stop or start individual VMs in the cluster as needed, without impacting the availability of the other VMs1.
• The “Stop” option only stops the databases running on the selected VM and does not affect the databases running on the other VMs in the cluster. You can stop or start individual databases in the cluster as needed, without impacting the availability of the other databases1.
• The “Stop” option does not stop the billing for the OCPU and Infrastructure until the VM restarts. As explained above, the “Stop” option only stops the billing for the OCPU, but not for the Infrastructure or the block volume storage. The billing for the OCPU resumes when the VM restarts1. References:
• 4: Manage VM Clusters - Oracle Help Center

The statement that is false related to loading a table into HeatWave is that data is distributed among analytics nodes by slicing tables vertically. This is false, because HeatWave distributes data among analytics nodes by slicing tables horizontally, not vertically1. Horizontal slicing means that each analytics node stores a subset of the table rows, while vertical slicing means that each analytics node stores a subset of the table columns1. Horizontal slicing enables parallel processing of queries across analytics nodes, while vertical slicing would require data shuffling and communication between analytics nodes1.

The statements that are true related to loading a table into HeatWave are:

• Data is read from InnoDB using batched, multi-threaded reads. This is true, because HeatWave loads data with batched, multi-threaded reads from InnoDB, which improves the performance and efficiency of the data loading process2.
• Data is partitioned by primary key unless data placement keys are defined. This is true, because HeatWave partitions data by the table primary key, which determines how the table rows are distributed among analytics nodes1. However, you can also define data placement keys for a table, which override the primary key and enable you to control the data distribution based on your query patterns.
• Data is converted into columnar format and sent over the network. This is true, because HeatWave converts the data into columnar format, which optimizes the data for analytical queries and reduces the storage footprint1. HeatWave then sends the data over the network to distribute it among analytics nodes in horizontal slices2.

References:

• MySQL :: MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 2.1 HeatWave Architecture
• MySQL :: MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 2.2 Loading Data
• [MySQL :: MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 2.7.2 Defining Data Placement Keys]

Oracle Enterprise Manager and Service Console are two tools that can be used to monitor Exadata Database Service. Oracle Enterprise Manager is a comprehensive management solution that provides a single interface for monitoring and managing all Exadata, ExaDB-D and ExaDB-C@C systems, along with any other targets1. Oracle Enterprise Manager enables you to visualize storage and compute data, view performance metrics of your Exadata components, and perform administrative tasks such as patching, backup, and recovery1. Service Console is a web-based user interface that allows you to monitor and manage your Exadata Cloud Service instances2. Service Console provides information about the status, configuration, and utilization of your Exadata systems, and enables you to perform operations such as scaling, patching, backup, and restore2.

The other options are not valid tools for monitoring Exadata Database Service because:

• B. Oracle Management Cloud is a suite of cloud services that provides integrated monitoring, management, and analytics for applications, databases, middleware, and infrastructure3. Oracle Management Cloud is not specific to Exadata Database Service, and does not provide the same level of functionality and integration as Oracle Enterprise Manager4.
• C. Oracle Cloud Monitor is not a real tool, but a fictitious name. There is no such tool as Oracle Cloud Monitor in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure or Oracle Cloud Services.
• D. Oracle Internet Monitoring Suite (IMS) is also not a real tool, but a fictitious name. There is no such tool as Oracle Internet Monitoring Suite in Oracle Cloud Infrastructure or Oracle Cloud Services.

• Core Exadata Setup: When provisioning an Exadata Cloud Infrastructure resource, you must specify:
• VCN Creation: The system automatically sets up a default Virtual Cloud Network (VCN) and subnet to handle Exadata network traffic.

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Before installing a management agent for the OCI Database Management Service, you need to perform the following steps1:

• Create or copy an Agent Install Key. An Agent Install Key is a unique identifier that is used to authenticate the management agent installation process. You can create or copy an Agent Install Key from the OCI Console or the API. You need to provide the Agent Install Key when you run the installation script on the host where you want to install the management agent2.
• Confirm the OS and networking requirements. You need to ensure that the host where you want to install the management agent meets the minimum OS and networking requirements. The OS requirements include the supported OS versions, packages, and permissions. The networking requirements include the firewall rules, proxy settings, and DNS resolution. You can use the preinstall script to verify the OS and networking requirements on the host3.

Therefore, statements A and D are correct, and statements B, C, and E are incorrect. Creating or copying an Agent OCID is not a prerequisite for installing a management agent, as the Agent OCID is generated automatically after the installation is completed4. Patching the database to be managed is not a prerequisite for installing a management agent, as the management agent does not depend on the database version or patch level. Installing TLS 1.3 on the database system is not a prerequisite for installing a management agent, as the management agent uses TLS 1.2 to communicate with the Database Management Service. References: 1: Install Management Agents 2: Create or Copy an Agent Install Key, Section 2.1 3: Confirm the OS and Networking Requirements, Section 2.2 4: View Management Agent Details, Section 3.1 : [Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation], Database Management Service Overview : [Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Documentation], Security in Database Management Service

 According to the Oracle NoSQL Database Cloud Service documentation, the maximum supported rate of DDL operations is 4 DDL operations per minute1. This limit applies to the creation, alteration, and deletion of tables and indexes. If you exceed this limit, you may encounter an OperationThrottlingException2. Therefore, option E is the correct answer and the rest are incorrect. References: 1: Plan your service - Oracle Help Center 2: Oracle NoSQL cloud service - Stack Overflow

 To connect to the NoSQL Database Cloud Service, you need to provide the following information1:

• Signing key fingerprint: This is a unique identifier for your API signing key, which is used to authenticate your requests to the service. You can find your signing key fingerprint in the Console under Identity > Users > User Details > API Keys2.
• API signing key: This is a private key that you generate and upload to the service. You use this key to sign your requests to the service. You can create and upload an API signing key using the Console or the CLI2.
• Tenancy OCID: This is the Oracle-assigned unique ID of your tenancy. You can find your tenancy OCID in the Console under Administration > Tenancy Details > Tenancy Information3.

The other options are not required to connect to the NoSQL Database Cloud Service. A passphrase is used to encrypt your private key, but it is not needed to connect to the service. A handshake key is used to establish a secure connection between two parties, but it is not used by the NoSQL Database Cloud Service. A user ID is a unique identifier for your user account, but it is not used to authenticate your requests to the service. A component ID is a unique identifier for a specific component of the service, such as a table or an index, but it is not needed to connect to the service. An admin ID is a user account that has administrative privileges on the service, but it is not used to authenticate your requests to the service. References:

• Connect to the Service - Oracle Help Center
• Required Keys and OCIDs - Oracle Help Center
• Managing Your Tenancy - Oracle Help Center

The statement that is true about rebooting a virtual machine (VM) DB system node using the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Console is D. On the VM DB system details page, find the node that you want to reboot, click the Actions (three dots) menu for that node, and then click Reboot. This is the procedure that is described in the official documentation12. It allows you to reboot a single node of a multi-node DB system individually, which may be necessary in some cases, such as scheduled maintenance1. The node is shut down and then restarted, and the floating IP address may take some time to be updated1.

A is incorrect, because the VM DB system nodes can be rebooted individually, as explained above. B is incorrect, because the VM DB system can be rebooted from the Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Console, as well as from the REST APIs or dbcli1. C is incorrect, because this is not the correct way to reboot a VM DB system node. Stopping and starting the DB system affects all the nodes, not just one, and it also stops and starts the database instances. This is different from rebooting a node, which does not affect the database instances1.

References: 1: Reboot a DB System 2: Reboot a DB System : Stop and Start a DB System

To change the backup window start time for a MySQL Database Service system, you need to select Backup Window from the Edit MySQL DB System Details page and set the start time to 4 AM. This option allows you to specify the time range during which automatic backups are performed. You can also enable or disable automatic backups from this page. The other options are incorrect because they do not apply to MySQL Database Service systems. The mysqlbackup command is a tool for backing up and restoring MySQL databases, but it is not used to configure the backup window for MySQL Database Service systems. The OCI MySQL DB System Details page does not have an option to specify the backup window start time or to enable automatic backups. The Enable Automatic Backups time is not a valid setting for MySQL Database Service systems. References:

• 3: About Oracle Base Database Service - Oracle Help Center
• 4: Back Up and Recovery in Base Database Service - Oracle Help Center
• 5: About Oracle Base Database Service - Oracle Help Center

Regarding MySQL Database Service HeatWave, the following two statements are true:

• HeatWave uses machine learning to automate operations, increase DBA productivity, and reduce costs. HeatWave has several features that leverage machine learning to optimize the performance and efficiency of the service, such as12:
• HeatWave is an in-memory, query-processing engine designed for fast execution of analytic queries. HeatWave is a massively parallel, distributed system that runs analytic queries in memory, using columnar data formats, vectorized execution, and adaptive algorithms. HeatWave can accelerate MySQL performance by orders of magnitude for analytics workloads, mixed workloads, and machine learning.

B is incorrect, because HeatWave does not use periodic long-running ETL batch jobs to refresh data, but a novel technique called dual-format storage. HeatWave stores data in both row and column formats, and synchronizes the data between the two formats in real time. This eliminates the need for ETL processes and enables fast execution of both transactional and analytic queries on the same data.

D is incorrect, because the HeatWave data that is needed for analytic processing is not stored in disk files, but in memory. HeatWave uses sparse files to store the columnar data in memory, which are compressed and encrypted. HeatWave also supports querying data in object storage, such as Oracle Cloud Infrastructure Object Storage or Amazon S3, using the HeatWave Lakehouse feature.

References: 1: MySQL HeatWave Database Service | Oracle 2: HeatWave | Oracle 3: MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 10 Machine Learning in MySQL HeatWave 4: MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 9 HeatWave Autopilot 5: MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 8 HeatWave Advisor : MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 1 Overview : MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 2 HeatWave Architecture : MySQL HeatWave User Guide :: 3 HeatWave Data