4A0-103 Questions and Answers

When the interface to the peer router is down.

When router R1 has no route to the peer address 10.10.10.2.

When LDP is not configured on the peer router's interface.

When the targeted session is not configured.

Notification

Session

Discovery

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RSVP-TE

TDP

LDP

ADP

MPLS-TE

Label request message

Notification message

Address message

Keepalive message

Initialization message

Hello message

It sets the address to the system address of the head-end router.

It sets the address to the next upstream hop from the ERO.

It sets the address to the next upstream hop from the PSB.

It sets the address to the next upstream hop from the RRO.

A separate label is used for each interface that the FEC is advertised on.

It uses fewer label resources than a per-interface label space.

It is typically used when the device has ATM or Frame Relay interfaces.

It uses more label resources than a per-interface label space.

A single label may be assigned to an FEC and used across all interfaces of the same router.

It is only valid when the LDP peers are directly connected over an interface, and the label is only going to be used for traffic sent over that interface.

CSPF looks for the delta bandwidth, taking down the first path if necessary.

CSPF looks for the delta bandwidth, implementing make-before-break.

After 5 failed attempts to find the bandwidth requested, the head end disables the LSP.

CSPF looks for the entire bandwidth requested, implementing MBB.

The IGP FIB.

The Reservation State Block (RSB)

The Path State Block (PSB)

The opaque database.

Label values may be dynamically assigned by LDP.

Label values may be dynamically assigned by RSVP-TE.

Label values may be reserved for special uses.

Label values may be dynamically assigned by IGP.

Link protection tunnels are established if a router is unable to establish node protection tunnels.

Link protection tunnels are only requested for a primary LSP path.

Link protection tunnels can be created for both one-to-one or facility Fast Reroute.

Link protection tunnels detour around a failed next downstream router.

TRUE

FALSE

CSPF chooses a link that is a member of both administrative groups

CSPF chooses only those links that are NOT members of the green admin group

CSPF prunes the green links and uses these links for the secondary path

CSPF signals the LSP path over the green links only, and prunes all other links

Fixed filter

Shared explicit

Standby explicit LSP

Preemptive filter

Link capacity filter

Both the primary and secondary paths are explicitly defined.

The primary path is active and the secondary path is in hot standby.

The LSP defined will use the primary path and will signal the secondary path to become active if the primary path fails.

The LSP has the same source and destination for both primary and secondary paths.

The path message's IP header options field sets the router alert option.

The IP header source address is the sender's egress interface address.

The IP header destination address is the next-hop interface address.

The IP header HOP object reflects the upstream router's egress interface address.

Targeted sessions must exist between all routers in the tunnel's path.

Each LDP interface must be configured to support LDP tunneling.

LDP prefixes resolve to an RSVP LSP, rather than to a physical egress interface.

RSVP LSPs must exist between each PE-ABR pair, or ABR-ABR pair in each area.

Message-IDs replace individual refresh messages.

Refresh reduction applies only to reservation messages.

RSVP generates a summary-refresh message for each LSP.

An LSP state change causes an incremented Message-ID.

10.32.1.2

10.1.478

1048.1.1

Cannot tell from this configuration

10.1.2.2

A mechanism that implements opaque LSAs.

A mechanism that computes routes based on specified requirements.

A mechanism that ensures the IGP best route is used.

A mechanism that enables LDP signaling to use a route other than the IGP best route.

The LSP can use facility and one-to-one FRR simultaneously.

The LSP is limited to node protection.

A single protection tunnel is used for all LSPs with the same path.

A detour protection tunnel is created for the LSP.

1

2

3

4

RSVP generates a summary refresh message for each LSP.

Message-IDs replace individual refresh messages.

An LSP state change causes the Message-ID to be incremented.

RSVP refresh reduction is disabled by default.

CAC is used when the LSP path has not been computed by CSPF.

CAC is used when the LSP path has been computed by CSPF.

CAC is used to perform a bandwidth check on each egress interface of the downstream router.

CAC is used to perform a bandwidth check based on the router's LSDB.

LSPs must always terminate on a system ID.

MPLS and RSVP must be enabled on all LSRs.

CSPF must be enabled.

Path definitions must include at least one hop entry.

The LSP will stay on the current path indefinitely unless another failure occurs.

The LSP will stay on the current path until the resignal timer expires.

The LSP will switchover to R1-R2-R3-R5-R6 after the resignal timer expires.

The LSP will switchover to R1-R3-R5-R6 after the retry timer expires.

The inner label will be exchanged with the MPLS outer label.

The inner label will be exchanged for a new label.

The outer label will be exchanged for a new label.

All labels will be exchanged for one new label.

All labels will be exchanged for an equal number of new labels.

It uses a UDP connection with an arbitrary port number.

It uses a UDP connection with well-known port number 646.

It uses a TCP connection with an arbitrary port number.

It uses a TCP connection with well-known port number 646.

Independent control mode, downstream on demand

Independent control mode, downstream unsolicited

Ordered control mode, downstream on demand

Ordered control mode, downstream unsolicited

Traffic engineering information is carried in the extended TLVs.

Traffic engineering must be enabled on all IP/MPLS routers along the LSP path.

Traffic engineering information is stored in the opaque database,

Traffic engineering is required for constraint-based LSPs.

The DMP sends the DMP_Object in each detour's PATH messages.

The DMP summarizes PATH messages, giving each detour its own MSGJD.

The DMP identifies itself as the previous hop in each detour's PATH message.

The DMP sends a single PATH message containing the merged DETOUR_Objects.

iLER

LER

LSR

PE

eLER

Liberal label retention mode

Conservative label retention mode

Ordered control mode

Independent control mode