NS0-162 Questions and Answers

 FabricPool is a feature of ONTAP that allows you to tier cold data from a local tier (aggregate) to a capacity tier (object storage) in the cloud or on-premises. ONTAP 9.8 supports four types of capacity tiers: AWS S3, Azure Blob, Google Cloud Storage, and ONTAP S3. StorageGRID is a NetApp product that provides on-premises S3 object storage. Therefore, both StorageGRID and ONTAP S3 are supported as capacity tiers for FabricPool aggregates in ONTAP 9.8. SWIFT Object Store and NFS Export are not supported as capacity tiers for FabricPool aggregates. References :- Considerations and requirements for using FabricPool, Storage Efficiencies, FabricPool with StorageGRID Recommendation Guide

The correct action to solve the problem is to update the Selective LUN Map configuration for the LUN mapping. Selective LUN Map (SLM) is a feature that enables you to control which LUNs are visible to which hosts in an ONTAP cluster. SLM reduces the number of paths that are presented to the host and improves the performance and manageability of the SAN environment1. When you perform a volume move, the LUN mapping is automatically updated to include the new node as a destination node, but the old node remains as a source node until the move is completed. This causes ALUA to see twice the number of paths to the LUN, as both nodes are active for the LUN. To avoid this, you need to update the SLM configuration to remove the source node from the LUN mapping after the volume move is done2. Changing the MPIO policy on the host, ensuring that the fabric zoning is correct, or rebooting the host are not actions that would solve the problem, as they do not affect the LUN mapping or the ALUA state. References :- Selective LUN Map overview, How to use Selective LUN Map (SLM) with Volume Move

 CIFS is the NetApp implementation of the SMB protocol, which enables file sharing between Windows clients and NetApp storage systems. To use CIFS, the storage system must have a valid CIFS license installed and configured. If a node fails on an HA configuration, the surviving node takes over the resources and services of the failed node, including the CIFS server. However, if the surviving node does not have a CIFS license, the CIFS server cannot start and the clients cannot access their data. Therefore, the lack of CIFS license on the surviving node is a possible cause of the problem. References :- CIFS and SMB overview, Licensing overview, Troubleshooting CIFS issues

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Active IQ Unified Manager is a web-based tool that monitors the health, performance, capacity, and protection of clusters and SVMs. It provides alerts, reports, dashboards, and recommendations to help optimize and troubleshoot the ONTAP environment. Active IQ Unified Manager can be used to validate the deployment of a NetApp AFF A400 cluster by checking the cluster configuration, status, and efficiency1.

Active IQ Config Advisor is a desktop tool that scans the cluster and its components for configuration issues, best practices violations, and potential problems. It generates a report that identifies the errors, warnings, and informational messages along with the suggested actions to resolve them. Active IQ Config Advisor can be used to validate the deployment of a NetApp AFF A400 cluster by verifying the hardware, software, network, and storage settings2.

The other tools are not relevant for validating the deployment of a NetApp AFF A400 cluster. OnCommand Workflow Automation is a tool that automates storage management tasks using predefined or custom workflows. Active IQ Web site is a tool that provides insights and recommendations based on the data collected from NetApp systems34. References :- Active IQ Unified Manager overview, Active IQ Config Advisor overview, OnCommand Workflow Automation overview, Active IQ overview

 To implement a secure and fast solution to recover files in your ONTAP cluster from ransomware, you need to ensure that there is a Snapshot copy schedule for every volume containing files and that the option to show previous versions on each share is activated. Snapshot copies are point-in-time, read-only copies of your data that are immune to ransomware encryption and can be used to restore your files quickly. You need to have a Snapshot copy schedule for every volume to ensure that you have frequent and consistentbackups of your data. The option to show previous versions on each share enables the users to access the Snapshot copies of their files from their Windows Desktop using the Previous Versions tab in the file properties. This way, the users can easily recover their files without involving the storage administrator. The other options are not correct because they are not necessary or supported for this scenario. The option to show previous versions on the SVM is not relevant for the users, as they access the shares, not the SVM. The option to copy a FlexClone of each volume containing files is not supported by ONTAP, as FlexClone is a feature that creates writable clones of volumes or LUNs, not copies. References :- Restore data after a ransomware attack - NetApp, Fighting Ransomware: Part Six – Recover Data Fast with ONTAP Snapshot Copies Blog - NetApp, How to Recover Files from Ransomware Attack [Full Guide 2022]

The UTA2 ports are converged network adapters that can support either 10Gb Ethernet and FCoE or Fibre Channel modes. To use FCP over the UTA2 ports, there are two possible methods:

• Connect onboard UTA2 ports to a Nexus switch and enable FCP: This method allows the UTA2 ports to remain in the 10Gb Ethernet mode, but use the FCoE protocol to transport FC frames over the Ethernet network. The Nexus switch acts as a FCoE forwarder that bridges the FCoE traffic from the UTA2 ports to the FC fabric. This method requires the Nexus switch to support FCoE and the UTA2 ports to have the correct SFP+ transceivers for 10Gb Ethernet.
• Swap the Ethernet transceivers in the UTA2 ports for FC transceivers, and configure the ports as target ports: This method changes the UTA2 ports from the 10Gb Ethernet mode to the FC mode, which allows the UTA2 ports to directly connect to the FC fabric. This method requires the UTA2 ports to have the correct SFP+ transceivers for FC and the ports to be configured as target ports using the ucadmin command.

The other two options are not valid methods to use FCP over the UTA2 ports:

• Swap the Ethernet transceivers in the UTA2 ports for 1Gbps transceivers, and configure the ports as target ports: This method is not possible because the UTA2 ports do not support 1Gbps Ethernet mode. The UTA2 ports can only operate in 10Gb Ethernet or FC modes.
• Change the existing UTA2 ports from 10 Gbps speed to 8 Gb speed: This method is not possible because the UTA2 ports do not support changing the speed without changing the mode. The UTA2 ports can only operate in 10Gb Ethernet or FC modes, and the speed is determined by the mode and the transceiver type.

References :- What are Unified Target Adapter (UTA2)/CNA Ports and how to configure them?, Change the UTA2 port from CNA mode to FC mode, Netapp Exam NS0-162 Questions and Answers - Update Dec 2023 - DumpsMate

 SnapMirror Business Continuity (SM-BC) is a feature of ONTAP that enables zero RPO and RTO for mission-critical applications by synchronizing data and identity between two clusters. In the event of a site failure, an automatic unplanned failover (AUFO) operation occurs, which switches the roles of the primary and secondary clusters and resumes the client access. To trigger an AUFO, SM-BC relies on a component called ONTAP Mediator, which is a software service that monitors the health and connectivity of both clusters and initiates the failover when needed. ONTAP Deploy, Tiebreaker software, and Cloud Manager are not involved in the AUFO process for SM-BC. References :- SnapMirror Business Continuity overview, How SnapMirror Business Continuity works, ONTAP Mediator overview

Storage efficiency features are techniques that reduce the amount of physical storage required to store data. ONTAP supports various storage efficiency features, such as deduplication, compression, and compaction. On AFF systems, some of these features are enabled by default on all newly created volumes. According to the documentation1, the following storage efficiency features are enabled by default on AFF systems:

• Aggregate-level compression: This feature compresses data blocks at the aggregate level, reducing the physical space required to store data. Aggregate-level compression is applied after all other storage efficiency features, such as deduplication and compaction, are applied at the volume level. Aggregate-level compression is enabled by default on all aggregates on AFF systems.
• Volume-level inline deduplication: This feature eliminates duplicate data blocks within a volume before they are written to disk, reducing the amount of data written and improving performance. Volume-level inline deduplication is enabled by default on all volumes on AFF systems.

Other storage efficiency features, such as LUN-level compression and aggregate-level inline deduplication, are not enabled by default on AFF systems. LUN-level compression is a feature that compresses data blocks at the LUN level, reducing the logical space required to store data. LUN-level compression is disabled by default on all LUNs on AFF systems, and it is not recommended to enable it unless there is a specific use case. Aggregate-level inline deduplication is a feature that eliminates duplicate data blocks across volumes within an aggregate before they are written to disk, reducing the amount of data written and improving performance. Aggregate-level inline deduplication is disabled by default on all aggregates on AFF systems, and it is recommended to enable it only on aggregates that contain volumes with similar data sets. References :- Inline storage efficiency enabled by default on AFF systems, Storage efficiency features, LUN-level compression, Aggregate-level inline deduplication

The exhibit shows the details of VOL_A volume, including its IOPS allocations. The “Peak IOPS Allocation” is listed as “used-space,” and the “Expected IOPS” is 1000IOPS/TB. Since the size of VOL_A is 100GB (or 0.1TB), the expected IOPS would be 100, but it’s essential to consider that the “Absolute Minimum IOPS” is stated as 500IOPS/TB. However, since there’s no provided maximum limit in the exhibit, we can’t definitively state a maximum possible IOPS from this information alone. References :-The answer and explanation are inferred from the provided image as there’s no direct reference available in NetApp Data Administrator (ONTAP) documents and learning resources.

When you perform an upgrade using ONTAP System Manager 9.8, you can use the automated nondisruptive update (ANDU) feature, which simplifies and streamlines the update process. The latest available images will appear in the ONTAP System Manager interface, and you can select the image you want to install. The update history is available within the ONTAP System Manager interface, and you can view the status and progress of the update. You do not need to manually upload the images to the cluster or download them from the NetApp Support site, as ONTAP System Manager will automatically download and upload the images as needed. References :- Automated nondisruptive ONTAP upgrade, How to Upgrade to ONTAP 9.8

ONTAP System Manager is a web-based graphical user interface (GUI) that enables you to manage and monitor your ONTAP cluster. You can use ONTAP System Manager to add protocol licenses to your cluster by following a simple and easy workflow. The other management tools are not designed for adding protocol licenses to an ONTAP cluster. NetApp Cloud Manager is a cloud-based service that helps you deploy and manage NetApp cloud data services. Active IQ Unified Manager is a software application that provides performance monitoring and health management for ONTAP clusters. Active IQ Config Advisor is a tool that scans and validates the configuration of NetApp storage systems and hosts. References :- Configure ONTAP on a new cluster with System Manager, ONTAP System Manager overview, NetApp Cloud Manager overview, Active IQ Unified Manager overview, Active IQ Config Advisor overview

To deploy an SVM to serve SMB data, you must have sufficient space for the root volume, a non-root aggregate in the online state, and synchronize the cluster time. The root volume is the volume that contains the SVM configuration and metadata, and it must have enough space to accommodate the SVM growth1. The non-root aggregate is the aggregate that contains the data volumes that you will create and share using SMB2. The cluster time is the time that is synchronized across all nodes in the cluster, and it must be consistent with the Active Directory domain time to avoid authentication failures3. Encryption is not required on the root volume, asit does not store any user data. Export policies are not relevant for SMB access, as they are used to control NFS access4. References :- SVM root volume overview, Create a new SVM with a CIFS volume and share, Synchronize the cluster time, Export policy overview

Active IQ and ONTAP AutoSupport are the two NetApp components that satisfy the requirements. Active IQ is a cloud-based platform that uses telemetry data from NetApp products to provide insights, analytics, and recommendations for optimizing performance, availability, security, and efficiency. ONTAP AutoSupport is a feature that enables ONTAP systems to automatically send configuration, status, performance, and system events data to NetApp. This data helps NetApp to provide proactive support, identify security risks, notify bug fixes, and suggest ONTAP updates. Active IQ and ONTAP AutoSupport work together to enable automatic support case creation and resolution in case of hardware failures. References :- Security and privacy of NetApp telemetry data, Detect Security Vulnerability, Enable AutoSupport to get more insights and analytics for your StorageGRID system

SnapLock Compliance is the ONTAP feature that fulfills the requirement of WORM archiving of data on the ONTAP cluster. SnapLock Compliance is a high-performance compliance solution for organizations that use write once, read many (WORM) storage to retain critical files in unmodified form for a specified retention period. SnapLock Compliance prevents files from being deleted, overwritten, or modified, even by an administrator, until the retention period expires. SnapLock Compliance also provides a tamper-proof clock and audit logs to ensure the integrity and authenticity of the WORM data. References :- WORM storage - NetApp, Compliant WORM storage using NetApp SnapLock _ TR-4526 | NetApp

To delegate administration of the SVM to an SVM administrator, you need to create the vsadmin user account in the new SVM and configure role-based access control (RBAC) for the vsadmin user account. The vsadmin user account is the default SVM administrator account that has full access to the SVM resources and can perform all SVM-related tasks. RBAC is a feature that allows you to control the access and permissions of users and groups based on their roles. You can use RBAC to assign roles, capabilities, and access methods to the vsadmin user account. Creating a LIF for SVM management and setting a password for the vsadmin user account are optional tasks that you can perform after creating the vsadmin user account and configuring RBAC for it. References :- Delegate administration to SVM administrators with System Manager - ONTAP 9.7 and earlier, Create a new SVM, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) Express Guide

The security method that would be used to authenticate targets and initiators in an ISCSI environment is CHAP. CHAP stands for Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol, and it is a method that validates the identity of targets and initiators during the initial link. CHAP uses a shared secret (a password) that is exchanged between the target and the initiator in a challenge-response manner. CHAP can be used in both one-way and mutual modes, depending on whether both parties need to authenticate each other or not. The other options are not valid for this scenario because:

• NIS is a network information service that provides centralized management of user accounts and host names, but it does not provide authentication for ISCSI devices.
• LDAP is a protocol for accessing and managing directory services, such as user and group information, but it does not provide authentication for ISCSI devices.
• /etc/hosts is a file that maps host names to IP addresses, but it does not provide authentication for ISCSI devices. References :- How iSCSI authentication works, Securing iSCSI Devices, Configure iSCSI authentication

 The action that you should take to ensure that the LIF only fails over to the correct ports is to change the LIF’s failover policy to sfo-partner-only. This failover policy restricts the target ports to the home node and its storage failover (SFO) partner only, excluding any other nodes in the cluster. This way, the LIF will only fail over to port eOc or eOd on either storage node, as shown in the exhibit. The other options are not valid for this scenario because:

• Creating a DNS load balancing zone does not affect the LIF failover behavior, but rather provides a way to distribute client requests across multiple LIFs using DNS round-robin.
• Splitting the broadcast domain does not ensure that the LIF only fails over to the correct ports, but rather creates separate groups of ports that are on the same Ethernet broadcast domain. This may affect the LIF reachability and performance.
• Creating an IPspace does not ensure that the LIF only fails over to the correct ports, but rather isolates network traffic for a set of SVMs within a cluster. This may affect the LIF connectivity and security. References :- Network interface failover policies - behavior and uses, Configure failover settings on a LIF, storage failover takeover

To deploy a 2-node ONTAP Select cluster with synchronous mirroring and high availability, you need to take the following two steps:

• Ensure that the ONTAP Select Deploy VM resides at a third location other than the two data centers. This is because the Deploy VM includes a mediator service that connects to each node in the active two-node clusters to monitor the HA pairs and assist in managing failures. The mediator service maintains the HA state information at a dedicated iSCSI target associated with each two-node cluster. If the Deploy VM is halted or fails, the mediator service is unavailable and HA capability is lost for the two-node clusters1.
• Use ONTAP Mediator service to make sure that you have a quorum for the two nodes. When a cluster consists of two nodes, it is not possible to achieve the quorum required when a node fails or loses communication. To resolve these types of split-brain situations, the mediator service helps the surviving node to determine whether it should take over the partner node or halt itself1.
• You do not need to install the SnapMirror Sync license on the cluster, as it is not required for synchronous mirroring. You can use the SnapMirror Synchronous (SM-S) feature, which is included in the ONTAP Select Premium license, to create a zero-recovery point objective (RPO) mirror relationship between two volumes on different clusters2.
• You do not need to use ONTAP Select Deploy to install the nodes on the physical hardware, as ONTAP Select is a software-defined storage solution that runs on VMware ESXi hosts. You can use ONTAP Select Deploy to create and manage ONTAP Select clusters and nodes on the virtualized hardware3. References :- ONTAP Select two-node clusters with HA, SnapMirror Synchronous overview, Deploy an ONTAP Select cluster using the CLI.

 To increase access security in both NFS and iSCSI environments, you can use Kerberos and CHAP as authentication methods. Kerberos is a network authentication protocol that uses tickets to provide mutual authentication between clients and servers. CHAP is a challenge-response protocol that verifies the identity of a peer by using a shared secret. ONTAP supports Kerberos for NFS exports, which allows you to secure NFS traffic with encryption and integrity checking. ONTAP also supports CHAP for iSCSI LUN access, which prevents unauthorized access to iSCSI targets and initiators. References :- NFS security overview, iSCSI Security Configuration

 The route is a network configuration that defines how the traffic from a LIF is routed to a destination. The route consists of a destination, a gateway, and a metric. The destination is the IP address or subnet that the LIF wants to reach. The gateway is the IP address of the next-hop router that forwards the traffic to the destination. The metric is a numerical value that indicates the preference of the route. In this scenario, the route for the SVM vs0 has a destination of 0.0.0.0/0, which means any IP address or subnet. The gateway is 10.61.208.1, which is the IP address of the router that connects the LIF to the rest of the network. The metric is 20, which is a relatively low value that indicates a high preference. However, the gateway is incorrect, as it does not match the subnet of the LIF. The LIF has an IP address of 192.0.2.130 and a netmask of 255.255.255.0, which means its subnet is 192.0.2.0/24. The gateway should be an IP address within the same subnet, such as 192.0.2.1. This would allow the LIF to communicate with the router and reach other destinations. The incorrect gateway causes connectivity issues, as the LIF cannot find a valid route to send or receive traffic. To resolve this issue, the route needs to be modified to reflect the correct gateway using the network route create or network route modify commands or the System Manager GUI12. References :- Create a route, Modify a route

 The ONTAP Mediator service is a software component that monitors the health and connectivity of the MetroCluster IP nodes and sites. It enables automatic switchover to the surviving site in case of a site disaster by providing quorum to the surviving cluster. The ONTAP Mediator service must be installed on a Linux host that has network connectivity to both MetroCluster sites and is located in a third site. References :- ONTAP Mediator service overview, ONTAP MetroCluster IP Implementation