AD0-E722 Questions and Answers

• Option B is correct because using VCL snippets to offload the redirect to Fastly is the best way to configure the redirects and ensure performance. VCL snippets are custom code segments that can be added to the Fastly configuration to modify the behavior of the caching service. By using VCL snippets, the redirects can be handled at the edge server level, without reaching the Magento application or the database. This reduces the server load and improves the response time for the redirected requests1.
• Option A is incorrect because adding each redirect in the magento/routes.yaml file is not a recommended way to configure the redirects. The magento/routes.yaml file is used to define custom routes for Magento Cloud projects, such as mapping domains or subdomains to environments or services. Adding redirects in this file can cause conflicts with the existing routes and affect the routing logic of the project2.
• Option C is incorrect because adding each redirect as a URL rewrite via the admin UI is not an optimal way to configure the redirects. The URL rewrite feature in Magento allows creating custom URLs for products, categories, and CMS pages, and redirecting them to their canonical URLs. However, adding a large number of URL rewrites can increase the database size and affect the performance of the Magento application. Moreover, using the admin UI for this task can be tedious and error-prone3.

References:

• 1: Custom VCL snippets | Adobe Commerce Developer Guide
• 2: Configure routes | Adobe Commerce Developer Guide
• 3: URL Rewrites | Adobe Commerce User Guide

Developer mode is the best option for setting up a development environment for testing functionality, not performance, before being passed to the testing team. In developer mode:

• Errors are logged and hidden from the user. This ensures that the user does not see any uncaught exceptions or debugging information, but the developers can still access them from the log files.
• Cache mode can only be changed from command line. This prevents any accidental or unauthorized changes to the cache settings from the admin panel or other sources.
• Static files are created dynamically and then cached. This allows the developers to see the latest changes to the static files without having to run the static content deployment command every time. The static files are also cached for faster loading.

References: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-operations/configuration-guide/setup/application-modes.html?lang=en#application-modes 1

The issue here is that the customer session data is randomly being lost when flushing the Magento cache storage. This is because the Redis configuration for caches and session data might be using the same database number, which causes the session data to be deleted along with the caches. The solution is to check the app/etc/env.php file and make sure that the Redis configuration for caches and session data use different database numbers. This will prevent the session data from being affected by the cache operations. References: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-cloud-service/user-guide/develop/deploy/redis.html?lang=en#configure-redis 1

Option B is a valid solution because creating a new HTTP Context variable can allow for differentiating the public content cache for users who belong to a B2B company account. The HTTP Context variable can be used to modify the output of the header block accordingly, without affecting the performance or scalability of the site1

Option D is also a valid solution because creating a new custom condition for customer segments can enable targeting users who are part of a B2B company account. The customer segment can be used to modify the output of the header block accordingly, using layout updates or dynamic blocks. This solution can also leverage the existing customer segment functionality and avoid custom coding2

Option A is not a valid solution because switching the theme based on a virtual type can cause performance issues and increase the complexity of the site maintenance. Moreover, switching the theme can affect the entire site appearance, not just the header block3

Option C is not a valid solution because using the customer session data directly to modify the output of the header block can prevent the public content cache from working properly. The customer session data is private and cannot be cached, so this solution can negatively impact the performance and scalability of the site4

Option E is not a valid solution because checking if the current user is part of a B2B company within a block class can also prevent the public content cache from working properly. The block class logic is executed on every request, so this solution can negatively impact the performance and scalability of the site5

References:

1: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-cloud-service/user-guide/architecture/starter-architecture.html?lang=en#http-context  2: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-cloud-service/user-guide/marketing/customer-segments.html?lang=en  3: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-cloud-service/user-guide/design/themes.html?lang=en  4: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-cloud-service/user-guide/architecture/starter-architecture.html?lang=en#private-content  5: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-cloud-service/user-guide/architecture/starter-architecture.html?lang=en#public-content

According to the Adobe Commerce documentation, the output of a GraphQL mutation is declared by specifying the type of the data returned by the mutation. The type can be either a scalar type (such as String, Int, Boolean, etc.), an object type (such as Cart, Product, Customer, etc.), or a union type (such as SearchResult, which can be either Product or Category). A union type is used when the mutation can return more than one possible type of data, depending on the input or the logic of the mutation. In this case, the mutation can return either a Cart type or a ConfigurableProduct type, depending onthe number of variants of the configurable product. Therefore, the output of the mutation should be declared as a union type that includes both Cart and ConfigurableProduct types. Option B is the only option that correctly declares a union type using the pipe symbol (|) to separate the possible types. Option A and Option C are incorrect because they use brackets ([ ]) and curly braces ({ }), which are used for declaring list types and input object types, respectively.

References:

• GraphQL API - Adobe Inc.
• Schema language with GraphQL | Adobe Commerce

• Option A is correct because updating the session host value to a shared Redis instance in the “app/etc/env.php” file will allow the session to be saved properly and prevent users from being redirected to the sign-in page after logging in. Redis is a fast and reliable in-memory data store that can be used for session storage in Magento 2. By using a shared Redis instance, the session data can be accessed by any of the backend web servers behind the load balancer, regardless of which server handled the initial request. This ensures that the user’s session is maintained and consistent across different servers1.
• Option B is incorrect because increasing the session size with the command config:set system/security/max_session_size_admin will not solve the issue of session not being saved properly. This command only affects the admin session size limit, not the customer session size limit. Moreover, this command does not address the root causeof the issue, which is that the session data is not shared among the backend web servers2.
• Option C is incorrect because utilizing the Remote Storage module to synchronize sessions between the servers is not a viable solution for this issue. The Remote Storage module is a feature of Magento Commerce Cloud that allows storing media files and other static content on a remote storage service such as AWS S3 or Azure Blob Storage. This module does not support synchronizing sessions between servers, as sessions are dynamic and transient data that need to be stored in a fast and accessible data store such as Redis3.

References:

• 1: Use Redis for session storage | Adobe Commerce Developer Guide
• 2: Security | Adobe Commerce User Guide
• 3: Remote storage | Adobe Commerce Developer Guide

To add a product type with custom pricing, the Architect needs to do the following steps:

• Create a content of the etc/product_types.xml file that defines the new product type, its label, model, index priority, and price model. This file is used to register the new product type and its associated classes in Magento1.
• Create a new price model that extends \Magento\Catalog\Model\Product\Type\Price and implements the custom pricing logic for the new product type. The price model is responsible for calculating the final price of the product based on various factors, such as special price, tier price, catalog price rules, etc2.
• Create a custom type model that extends from the abstract Product Type model (\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product\Type\AbstractType) and overrides the methods related to the product type behavior, such as prepareForCart, getAssociatedProducts, etc. The type model defines how the product type interacts with other components, such as quote, order, cart, etc3. References:
• How to add a new product type in Magento 2? (MageStackDay mystery question 1) - Magento Stack Exchange
• Magento 2: How to create custom product types - BelVG Blog
• Magento 2: How to create custom product types - BelVG Blog

These two options are both valid ways to manage routing for the bespoke news section and adhere to best practice. Option B leverages the existing URL rewrite functionality of Adobe Commerce, which allows creating custom URLs for any entity type and storing them in the database. This option requires creating a standard controller route for the news entity type, such as news/article/view/id/i, where i is the news article ID. Then, on saving each news article, a rewrite rule is generated that maps the internal URL to the desired SEO-friendly URL, such as news/{date}/{article_url_key}. The rewrite rule is stored in the url_rewrite table, which is used by the standard router to match and redirect requests.

Option C involves creating a custom router class that implements \Magento\Framework\App\RouterInterface and runs before the standard router in the routing process. The custom router class can match the news portion of the URL and extract the date and URL key parts from it. Then, it can look for and load a news articlethat matches those values using a model or repository class. If a match is found, it can set the request parameters accordingly and dispatch the request to a controller action that renders the news article page.

References:

• Routing | Adobe Commerce Developer Guide
• URL Rewrites | Adobe Commerce Developer Guide
• Custom Router | Adobe Commerce Developer Guide

According to the Adobe Commerce documentation, the best way to add a custom tax calculation to all orders is to declare a new total collector in the “etc/sales.xml” file of a custom module. This way, the custom tax logic can be implemented in a separate class that extends the \Magento\Quote\Model\Quote\Address\Total\AbstractTotal class and overrides the collect() and fetch() methods. The collect() method is responsible for calculating the tax amount and adding it to the quote address, while the fetch() method is responsible for displaying the tax amount in the cart and checkout pages. The new total collector can be assigned to any area of the order totals, such as before or after the subtotal, shipping, or grand total.

References:

• Customizing order totals
• How to add custom fee or discount to order totals in Magento 2

The issue is that the export file is not shown in the list of generated files. This is because the export path is not set correctly. The solution is to execute the command config:set export/customr/files_directory /var/releases/{release_nunber} to set the new export path. This will ensure that the export file is saved in the correct directory and can be accessed from the Admin Panel. References: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-cloud-service/user-guide/develop/deploy/staging-production.html?lang=en#deploy-to-staging-and-production 1