AD0-E716 Questions and Answers

According to the Configure and run cron guide for Magento 2 developers, the crontab.xmi file is used to declare and configure cron jobs for a module. The file should specify the name, instance, method and schedule of the cron job. Therefore, creating a crontab.xmi file and setting a schedule for the new cron job are the minimally required steps to accomplish this task. Verified References: https://devdocs.magento.com/guides/v2.3/config-guide/cli/config-cli-subcommands-cron.html

To set up a new cron job in Adobe Commerce, you need to define it in the crontab.xml file. This file is essential to schedule cron tasks and is all that's required for simple cron job configurations. You specify the cron job schedule, method, and class in this file.

Here's a minimal example of crontab.xml:

0 * * * *

group id: This specifies the cron group; "default" is commonly used, but you can define custom groups in cron_groups.xml if necessary.

job: Defines the cron job, with name, instance (path to the class), and method attributes.

schedule: Uses standard cron expressions to specify the frequency.

Additional Resources:

Adobe Commerce Developer Guide: Cron Jobs

Magento 2 Crontab XML Configuration

The correct answer is Option A. This approach uses two filter groups to correctly implement the logic from the SQL query using Magento's SearchCriteria API.

Understanding the Logic: The given SQL query contains two main conditions:

featured = 1 AND logo_image IS NOT NULL (grouped together with an AND condition)

enabled = 1

In the Magento SearchCriteria terms, these translate to:

Filter Group 1: featured = 1 AND logo_image IS NOT NULL

Filter Group 2: enabled = 1

The two filter groups are then combined using an implicit AND condition.

Magento's SearchCriteria Structure: The SearchCriteria object is the recommended way in Magento 2 to filter and retrieve collections with complex conditions.

Filter Groups: Used to group filters together. All filters within a filter group are combined with an AND condition.

Filters: Define a condition for a single field.

Explanation of the Code for Option A:

Filter 1 is created for the featured field, set to 1 with an eq condition type.

Filter 2 is created for the logo_image field, with a notnull condition type.

Both Filter 1 and Filter 2 are combined into Filter Group 1, which applies an AND condition between these filters.

Filter 3 is created for the enabled field, set to 1 with an eq condition type.

Filter Group 2 contains only Filter 3.

Finally, both filter groups are set on the SearchCriteria object. By default, the SearchCriteria combines filter groups using an AND condition between them.

Why Option A is Correct: Option A uses two filter groups that exactly match the desired SQL query logic:

It correctly combines featured and logo_image in an AND condition.

It then checks if enabled is 1, which is handled by the second filter group.

References:

Search Criteria Builder - This Adobe Commerce documentation page explains how to create and use the SearchCriteriaBuilder.

Filter Groups and Conditions - Provides an overview of how to structure filter groups and conditions in SearchCriteria.

Magento 2 APIs - The general documentation for working with Magento 2 APIs, including SearchCriteria.

This approach is the standard method in Adobe Commerce to replicate complex SQL queries using SearchCriteria with multiple filter groups and conditions.

The reason why there are records remaining in the inventory_reservation table is that only reservations no longer needed are removed by the cron job. The inventory_reservation table tracks the quantity of each product in each order and creates a reservation for each product when an order is placed, shipped, cancelled or refunded. The initial reservation has a negative quantity value and the subsequent reservations have positive values. When the order is complete, the sum of all reservations for the product is zero. The cron job removes only those reservations that have a zero sum from the table, leaving behind any reservations that are still needed for incomplete orders. Verified References: [Magento 2.4 DevDocs] [Magento Stack Exchange]

According to the Plugins (Interceptors) guide for Magento 2 developers, plugins are class methods that modify the behavior of public class methods by intercepting them and running code before, after, or around them. However, some classes in Magento 2 implement the NoninterceptableInterface interface, which prevents plugins from being generated for them. The Magento\Framework\App\cache\Proxy class is one of them, as it extends from Magento\Framework\ObjectManager\NoninterceptableInterface. Therefore, the plugin is not executing as expected because the target class implements NoninterceptableInterface. Verified References: https://devdocs.magento.com/guides/v2.3/extension-dev-guide/plugins.html

The variable env: composer_auth is located in the Project variables section in the Project Web Interface. This variable is used to store the authentication credentials for Composer repositories that require access keys or tokens. The developer can set this variable at the project level to apply it to all environments, or override it at the environment level if needed. Verified References: [Magento 2.4 DevDocs] 2

In Adobe Commerce, when developing custom console commands, you can customize output messages by using special tags provided by Symfony Console, which Adobe Commerce relies on. These tags are designed to help differentiate types of messages and can be used to add color or emphasis to the output, enhancing visibility.

For critical error messages, wrapping the message in the tag will display it in red, as shown in your screenshot. The available tags include:

for red-colored error messages.

for informational messages (often displayed in blue).

for comments or warnings (usually yellow).

$output->writeln('A critical error has occurred.');

This method is effective and widely used for output customization in Symfony-based console commands.

Additional Resources:

Adobe Commerce Developer Guide: Console Command Customization

Symfony Console Output Formatting

The best practice to add custom logic for data formatting in a grid column is to create a new class extending \Magento\Ui\Component\Listing\Columns\Column. The prepareDataSource method is designed for processing and formatting data before it is displayed in the UI component.

Using prepareDataSource in a Custom Column Class:

By extending \Magento\Ui\Component\Listing\Columns\Column, you gain access to the prepareDataSource method, where you can manipulate data as needed.

Adding a custom class allows for reusability and modular code, which is in line with Magento’s architecture.

Why Option B is Correct:

This option uses Magento’s UI component structure properly, focusing on the intended class and method for grid data manipulation. Option A involves an unnecessary plugin, and Option C with DataProvider preference is generally discouraged for simple UI modifications.

Implementation Steps:

Extend the Column class and add your logic in the prepareDataSource method.

Then, in your customer_listing.xml, reference this class within the node using the class attribute.

References:

Magento UI Components Guide on Creating Custom Columns

Adobe Commerce documentation on Magento\Ui\Component\Listing\Columns\Column

To create a snapshot before deploying changes in Adobe Commerce Cloud (Pro Plan), the recommended approach is to use the Cloud CLI, which provides a dedicated command for creating snapshots. This allows for quick rollback if any issues arise post-deployment.

Creating a Snapshot with Cloud CLI:

The Adobe Commerce Cloud CLI tool includes commands for managing snapshots, which capture the current state of code and data, ensuring you have a restore point before making critical changes.

Why Option B is Correct:

The Cloud CLI is the most direct way to create a snapshot, giving developers control over when and how snapshots are generated. Option A is incorrect as there is no button for snapshot creation in the Web Interface, and Option C is unnecessary as support is not required to create a snapshot.

References:

Adobe Commerce Cloud documentation on Creating and Managing Snapshots

https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/commerce-cloud-service/user-guide/architecture/pro-architecture.html?lang=en#backup-and-disaster-recovery

To configure a parameter for a parent class so that it propagates to all descendant classes, the correct approach is to define the parameter on the parent class within di.xml. This way, all child classes inheriting from this parent will automatically use the parameter value unless explicitly overridden.

Option C is correct for the following reasons:

Configuring on the Parent Class (Vendor\FreeDownload\Model\Download):By setting the tracking_level parameter directly on the Download class, you ensure that all classes extending this class, such as DownloadPdf and DownloadImage, will inherit the tracking_level parameter value. This method leverages Magento's dependency injection configuration, which allows parameters set on a parent class to cascade to child classes.

Explanation: In Magento’s dependency injection system, parameters configured at the parent class level are available to all child classes unless overridden at a more specific level. Defining tracking_level in the parent class is efficient and ensures consistency across all subclasses.

References: Magento’s official developer documentation outlines that class dependencies and configuration parameters defined in di.xml at a higher level are accessible to descendant classes. This is a standard practice in Magento for setting parameters that affect a hierarchy of classes.

Avoiding Redundant Configuration:Unlike Option A, which sets the parameter on an individual child class, or Option B, which redundantly sets the parameter on multiple child classes, Option C is optimal as it centralizes the configuration. This reduces the risk of discrepancies and simplifies maintenance.

Options A and B are incorrect because:

Option A configures the parameter on a single child class, which will not affect other child classes such as DownloadImage.

Option B redundantly sets the parameter for each child class individually, which is unnecessary when the parameter can be inherited from the parent.

The developer can resolve this issue by creating a plugin for the Magento\Catalog\Model\Indexer\Product\Price::executeRow() method. This method is responsible for updating the product price index.

The plugin can be used to add the pricing adjustment from the database to the product price index. Once the product price index is updated, the layered navigation will display the correct price.

Here is an example of a plugin for the executeRow() method:

PHP

class MyPlugin

{

public function executeRow(

\Magento\Catalog\Model\Indexer\Product\Price $subject,

\Magento\Catalog\Model\Product $product,

array $data

) {

$adjustment = $this->getAdjustment($product);

$product->setPrice($product->getPrice() + $adjustment);

}

private function getAdjustment(Product $product)

{

$adjustment = $product->getData('adjustment');

if (!is_numeric($adjustment)) {

return 0;

}

return $adjustment;

}

}

This plugin will add the adjustment data from the product to the product price index. Once the product price index is updated, the layered navigation will display the correct price.

The correct answers are A and C.

The errors in the snippet are:

Column roll_no does not have an index. It is needed since attribute_identity is set to true.

Column student_name does not have an attribute length.

The attribute_identity attribute specifies whether the primary key of the table should be auto-incremented. If attribute_identity is set to true, then the roll_no column must have an index. The student_name column does not have an attribute length, which is required for string columns.

The following code shows how to fix the errors:

XML

int

true

true

false

int

false

true

false

true

true

string

255

false

Once the errors have been fixed, the table can be created successfully.

The developer can test the new feature under the integration environment by deactivating one of the active integration environment branches, creating a new active branch from integration and installing the module, and pushing the changes. This is because Enhanced Integration Environments have a limit of four active branches at a time, and each branch has its own dedicated database and services. The developer can use the Cloud CLI for Commerce tool to manage the branches and deploy the code changes. Verified References: [Magento 2.4 DevDocs] 1

Enhanced Integration Environments in Adobe Commerce Cloud have a limit on the number of active branches. If both integration branches are currently active, one must be deactivated to create a new active branch for testing.

Creating a New Active Integration Branch:

If there are already two active branches, deactivate one to free up space for a new branch.

Then create a new branch from the integration environment, apply the changes (such as installing the new module), and push the changes.

Why Option C is Correct:

Adobe Commerce Cloud limits the number of active integration branches. Deactivating an existing branch is necessary before creating a new active branch for testing.

Option A suggests duplicating a branch without addressing the active branch limitation, while Option B disregards the need to check branch active status, which could prevent successful deployment.

References:

Adobe Commerce Cloud documentation on Branch Management

https://developer.adobe.com/commerce/php/best-practices/extensions/observers/#do-not-rely-on-invocation-order

The developer can deal with this issue by modifying the admin path timeout value in seconds in the Fastly Configuration section > Advanced Configuration in the Admin Panel. Fastly is a cloud-based caching service that improves site performance and security for Adobe Commerce Cloud projects. Fastly has a default timeout value of 180 seconds for admin requests, which means that any request that takes longer than 180 seconds will be terminated and result in a timeout error. The developer can increase this value to allow longer processing time for admin requests without causing errors. The developer also needs to save the configuration and upload VCL to Fastly to apply the changes. Verified References: [Magento 2.4 DevDocs]

https://developer.adobe.com/commerce/php/development/components/plugins/#scenario-b-without-a-callable-around